This is how Leadfeeder and Lead Forensics work. Leadfeeder describes itself as backed by "the world's most comprehensive IP-to-company database" and says it can identify companies "even if their employees work from home" by tracking dynamic IP addresses.
It is useful for account-based marketing, where knowing that a target account is researching you is the signal. It is less useful when you need someone to email, and it does not work for consumer traffic at all, because a household has no company to match.
The alternative is person-level identification, which resolves the visit to the individual. Visitor InSites, the company behind Buzzlist, does that for B2B and B2C.
